陳氏太極拳的特點漢英雙語版
2025-07-30 09:02:08
陳氏太極拳的特點 （方便洋弟子了解陳式太極拳）
一、大腦支配下的意氣運動 大腦支配下的意氣運動，說明氣是受意的指揮。此處所謂的 氣，是一種內氣，不是人肺部呼吸的氣。這種內氣，中醫理論認 為是從母胎中秉承而來的，叫做元氣、正氣、先天氣等。武術家 把這種氣叫做中氣、內氣、內勁等。陳氏稱此氣謂中氣，是人所 秉受於天，本來之元氣。陳鑫的《中氣辯》與《中氣與浩然之氣 血氣辨》兩篇已講得很明白。意是意識，是屬於精神現象，亦謂 之意念，古人謂之心，是腦的代稱。因此用意即是用心，以意行 氣，即是以心行氣。所以拳譜說： 「以心行氣，以氣運身。」
l.Features of Ghen Style Taiji Quan 1. The Movement of Yi and Qi Are Controlled by the Brain. The movement of Yi and Qi are controlled by the brain, which means Qi is controlled by the mind. Here, Qi refers to Nei Qi (Internal Qi) and not the air breathed by the lungs. According to traditional Chinesemedical science theory, Nei Qi already exists while the individual is still in hismother' s womb, so it is also called Yuan Qi, Zheng Qi, Xian Tian (from birth) Qi, etc. In martial arts, it is named as Zhong Qi, Nei Qi, Nei Jin (Internal Energy). In Chen Style Taiji Quan, it is named as Zhong Qi that came from the womb and it is the first energy of a human being. Yi is the mind, belonging to the 'spirit' phenomenon; it was called Xin (heart) in ancient times, but it is actually the brain. Therefore, using Yi means using Xin. Qi is moved by Yi, which means Qi moved by Xin. That is why the specification of Taiji says that "Xin drives Qi and Qi drives the body".
我們知道了意和氣的意義，那麼打拳時的每一動作，須先要 經過大腦的想像，這就是用意，練習日久，自然覺得有氣。太極 拳的一動一靜，促使人體生物電位升降。電位升高，則血液循環 加速，血壓降低，氧與血紅蛋白也就迅速離解，人就會感覺到有 氣。這就是所謂內氣的發生。這個氣是聽意的指揮，所以說，練 太極拳是用意行氣。至於呼吸之氣，要任其自然，不可故意做 作。呼吸要配合動作的開合，開則用呼，合則用吸，並使呼吸之 氣由丹田出入。 陳氏太極拳用腹部呼吸，動作的緩急與呼吸配合，有丹田內 轉的作用，不是單純的氣沉丹田。太極拳的一舉一動用意不用 力，先意動，而後形動，這樣才能做到意到氣到，氣到勁到，動 作沉著，久練之後，氣才能收斂入骨，達到深奧的境界。 Chen Style Taiji Quan uses the abdomen to breathe. The quickness or slowness of the movements are coordinated with the breathing. Qi turns in the Dan Tian instead of simply sinking. All the movements use Yi, not the force Li. Move Yi first, then the body. When Yi arrives, Qi amves, and Jin (Internal power) ar- rives, and the movements are steady and powerful. After years of exercise, Qi will be absorbed by the bones and one' s skills will reach a high level. 奎於所說的氣到勁到的勁，是經過鍛鍊太極拳後獲得的，所 以只要意到氣就到，氣到勁也到。因此太極拳是一種「以心行 氣，以氣運身」和「用意不用拙力」的意氣運動。拳論講： 「心 如將軍，氣如兵，將軍一出令，則士卒皆聽命」。心是發令的， 氣是奉令而行的，氣再運動身肢，所以叫做： 「以心行氣，以氣 運身」。 As to Jin (internal power), which is mentioned above, it comes from practicing Taiji. Taiji Quan uses Yi to lead Qi, Qi to lead the body, but not rigid force. The specification of the Quan says that¨Xin is a general; Qi is a soldier. Once the general commands, the soldier must fol- low」． 二、身肢放長的彈性運動 彈性運動提出了將身肢放長的方法。方法是： (1)虛領頂 勁和氣沉丹田； (2)含胸拔背（忌弓背）； (3)沉肩墜肘； (4)開胯屈膝的旋轉。這四個方法是使身軀、脊背、手臂、腿部 的放長。肌肉在受力時，可以有一定程度的伸長，但當引起伸長 的外因消除後，肌肉就立刻恢復原狀，這是肌肉本身固有的一種 彈性，太極拳就是鍛鍊這種肌肉的彈性，經久放鬆與收縮的鍛 煉，也就能自然地加強身肢各部分的彈性，同時也提高了身體的 素質；對於生理健身說可以使血管暢通，增強新陳代謝和氣體的 交換，能得到更多的氧氣，降低血壓，防止血管硬化；對於技擊 方面，由於曰久鍛鍊這種肌肉彈性，可以產生一種擁勁。 2. Elastic Movement to Expand the Body Elastic movement helps expand the body. That is: A) Draw the head up naturally; sink Qi (energy) to the lower abdomen. B) Draw the chest in and stretch the back (Do not bow the back).C) Relax the shoulders and sink the elbows. D) Push the hips outward; bend and rotate the knees. These are four ways to expand the body, the back, the arms and legs. When a muscle bears force, it can be expanded; when the force is removed, the muscle returns to its original state, which is the muscle' s natu- ral elasticity. Taiji Quan aims to improve the muscle' s elasticity. Through the long time exercise of relaxing and contracting, the e一 lasticity of the body will be strengthened naturally; at the same time, the health will be improved. For health, elastic movement strengthens the blood vessels and increases their ability to absorb more oxygen, decreases blood pressure, and Avoids angiosclerosis. As to the skills of offense and defense, Peng Jin can be achieved by repeated training of the muscle elasticity. 掤勁是太極拳勁的基礎，無論是捋、擠、按、採、捌、肘、 靠都要有掤勁（推手的擁是對方按我，我以手臂捧住，不使下 落，有向上之意的掤）。也可以說周身都要有這種擁勁，才能夠 做到當外力來時可以抵禦和反擊，所以太極拳有「擁勁永不丟」 之語，在陳鑫著作中說： 「沿路纏綿，靜運無慌，肌膚骨節，虛 虛開張。」這就是說運動時要心靜不亂，動作要輕靈細膩，肌肉、 皮膚和骨節處處都要放長鬆開。 Peng Jin (pushing power) is the foundation of Taiji Quan. No matter if it's Lu, Ji, An, Cai, Lie, Zhou, Kao, they all need Peng Jin ('Peng' in Pushing Hands, for example, means that if the opponent presses your arm, you use your arm to pre- vent his arm from dropping, which is Peng with the intention to push upward). We can also say that our whole body needs this kind of Peng Jin, in order to resist an incoming force and strike back. The Taiji theory says: "Never lose Peng Jin" and also Mr. Xin Chen said in his book: ¨move calmly without hurry; skin and joints open gradually." which means that during the move- ment, you should be calm without rushing. The movement re- quires being light and smooth and the muscle, skin, and joints to be relaxed and expanded. 三、順逆纏絲的螺旋運動 螺旋運動中纏絲勁的實質不是平面的一個圈，而是立體的螺 旋上升的。因為每一動作是由掌心內外翻轉，表現在上肢是旋腕 轉膀，表現在下肢是旋踝轉腿，表現在身軀是旋腰轉脊。三者結 合起來形成一條其根在腳，主宰於腰而形於手指的空間旋轉曲 線。 3. Spiral Movement-Twist Inward and Twist Outward Twisting Jin (twisting power) is a spiral movement which is not moving in a circle on a plane, but a 3-dimension spiral. That is, each movement starts from the turning of the palms in- ward and outward, twisting the upper limbs (wrists and the shoulders), twisting the lower limbs (legs and ankles), and twist-
ing the body (the waist and the spine). All of above movements form a curved line rooted in the feet, controlled by the waist, and shown at the fingers. 纏絲勁的作用是可以將外來的壓力因旋轉而落空，在太極拳 的術語中叫做化；同時還可以牽動對方的重心而乘勢反擊，術語 叫做發。 The function of Twisting Jin is to frustrate or to negate an incoming force (external pressure) through rotation. In Taiji Quan, this called Hua (transformation). At the same time, Twist- ing Jin can also cause an opponent to lose balance and take a chance to strikee him. This term is called Fa (issuing). 在生理健身方面，這種螺旋形的纏絲勁能促使全身節節貫串 地推動，對內臟器官能起一種按摩的作用，使顯於外的神氣發生 鼓蕩，因而可以健強大腦皮層，增強全身一切組織器官的功能： 纏絲勁的種類可分為基本的順逆纏絲和方位的進退、大小、裡 外、上下、左右等五對纏絲。順逆纏絲勁表現於上肢手臂者，是 順纏手心轉向自己面部，逆纏手背轉向自己面部。表現於下肢腿 部者，是順纏膝部由內轉向外，逆纏膝由外轉向內。 In the physical fitness (health) aspect, Twisting Jin causes every part of the body to move, benefits the internal organs, anc