鄭成功北伐後的故事（民族英雄鄭成功北伐失利後）

2023-10-11 20:19:07

福建泉州，鄭成功公園，海拔130.8米，面積500多畝。

鄭成功騎馬塑像，高38米，海拔高度166.2米，1662年東渡，收復臺灣。

1624年8月27日，鄭成功出生於日本平戶千裡濱。

鄭成功原名森，字明儼，號大木，明朝福建泉州府南安縣石井人。其父鄭芝龍早年入海經商，至日本，娶日本女子田川氏為妻。明天啟四年七月十四日（1624年8月27日），鄭成功出生於日本平戶千裡濱。

Zheng chenggong,whose first name was sen,style name called Mingyan and pseudonym called Damu,a resident at Shijing town of Nanan county in Quanzhou during Ming Dynasty.His father Zheng zhilong,made martime trade in early period.He married to Tagawa's,a Japanese,when he reached Japan.On July 14 of the Fourth year of Tianqi in Ming Dynasty,Zheng chenggong was born in Hirato Chirihara,Japan.

7歲時，鄭成功被接回國，居於晉江安平鄭府。

15歲時，鄭成功考取南安秀才。

21歲時，鄭成功進入南京國子監研讀儒學。

明崇禎三年（1630年），鄭成功被接回國，居於晉江安平鄭府。鄭成功自幼聰穎好學，15歲進南安秀才，21歲入南京國子監研讀儒學，從而逐步確立忠貞報國的理念。

In the third year of Emperor ChongZheng,he returned to china and lived in Anping county of Jinjiang.He was smart and studious since his childhood.At the age of 15,he was admitted to the scholar.Then he entered into the imperial college of Nanjing majoring in confucianism,which graduately established ideas for serving the country faithfully.

22歲，被封為「忠孝伯、招討大將軍」，賜朱姓，改名成功。

明崇禎十七年（1644年），清兵入關，攻陷北京，越年又攻陷南京，南明弘光政權滅亡。同年六月，明唐王朱聿鍵於福州稱帝，號「隆武」。帝嘉許鄭森之忠勇，封其為忠孝伯、招討大將軍，賜朱姓，改名成功。自此，人稱「國姓爺朱成功」

In the 17th year of Ming ChongZheng, Qing Army entered the pass and captured Beijing,then Nanjing was also captured in the next year.It led to the demise of South Ming Hongguang Regime.In June of the same year, Ming Tang King zhu yujian called himself Emperor,named Longwu in Fuzhou.The Emperor maded him a loyal and filial uncle and general for recruitting because of his bravery and gave him the surname Zhu,changing the name into chenggong.Since then,people named it Zhu chenggong.

23歲，赴廣東南澳招兵

隆武二年（1646年）八月，清軍入閩，隆武帝於汀州罹難。十月，鄭芝龍降清，後清軍進襲安平，田川氏不堪受辱，自殪身亡。面對國恨家仇，鄭成功大義凜然，焚燒青衣，背父報國，毅然投身抗清鬥爭。

In August of the second year of Longwu,the Emperor died in the disaster in Tingzhou when Qing Army entered Fujian.In October,his father Zheng zhilong surrendered to Qing Dynasty.Later Qing Army attacked Anping county.Tagawa's couldnot bear to be humiliated.Lastly she committed suicide.Under the condition of national hatred and family feud,with fearless of death,Zheng chenggong fired the black cloth,backed the father and served the nation,and resolutely devoted himself to the war against Qing Army.

27歲時，率師回金門、廈門和石井等，選練將士。

32歲，以廈門、金門為基地，連克漳泉屬邑。

35歲，被永曆皇帝冊封為「延平王」。

鄭成功以明「招討大將軍」為旗號，先赴廣東南澳招兵，後於小金門定盟。鄭成功尊南明永曆皇帝為正朔，以廈門、金門為基地，奮力抗擊清軍，先後大敗清將陳錦、金等，連克漳泉屬邑，撐起江南抗清的一片天。永曆十一年（1658年），永曆皇帝冊封鄭成功為「延平王」。

He arrived at Nan'ao of Guangdong for recruitment in the name of general.Later he made a treaty in the small Jinmen.He respected emperor Yongli of Southern Ming Dynasty as Zhengshou.He bravely fought Qing Army and defeated them such as Chenjin and Jinli and so on based on Xiamen and Jinmen.He held up a sky in the south of Yangze River against Qing Army after he successively captured some counties of both Zhangzhou and Quanzhou.In the eleventh year of Emperor Yongli,Emperor Yongli made him King of Anping.

36歲,北伐金陵失利，後返回金門、廈門。

經過多年奮戰，鄭成功逐漸建立起一支強大的政治軍事力量，擁有「舳舮數千艘，戰將數百員，雄兵二十多萬」，收復了南至廣東南澳，北至浙江舟山等閩粵浙大片土地。永曆十三年（1659年）五月，鄭成功親率大軍，北伐金陵。大軍浩浩蕩蕩，挺進長江，連克瓜州、鎮江，收復江浙「四府三州廿四縣」，威振大江南北，直逼南京城下。可惜由於輕敵麻痺，延誤進攻時機而敗退金廈。

He graduately built a strong political and military force after years of fighting.He had thousands of hatchbacks,hundreds of warriors and more than 200000 male soldiers,he recovered large areas of Fujian,Guangdong and Zhejiang,south to Nan'ao of Guangdong,north to Zhoushan of Zhejiang.In May of the thirteenth year of Emperor Yongli,he led the army to Northern Expedition to Jinling.The army went over Changjiang,defected Gua state and Zhengjiang including 24 towns,three states and four counties.The compaign was a great shock to both sides of Yangtze River,reaching the city of Nanjing.Unfortunately,he retreated to Jinmen and Xiamen because he understimated the enemys and delayed the best time of the fight.

38歲時，決計東徵，收復臺灣，改名東都。

北伐失利後，由於敵我兵力之懸殊及客觀形勢之變化，鄭成功決計東徵，「平克臺灣，以為根本之地」。永曆十五年三月十三日（1661年4月21日）鄭成功率領大軍二萬五千餘人，戰船數百艘，從金門出發，經澎湖，突入鹿耳門，痛擊了荷蘭殖民者海陸兩路的反攻，並迅速收復赤崁城，包圍臺灣城。之後，鄭成功又擊潰來自巴達維亞荷蘭總部的援兵，迫使荷蘭駐臺灣總督揆一宣布投降，並於1662年2月1日籤訂投降書。從此，淪陷長達38年之久的臺灣重新回到祖國的懷抱。

After North expedition,he decided to make a Eastern Expendition and defect Taiwan as a base considering the change of objective situation of the great disparity between the enemy and Qing Army.Zheng Chenggong led an army of more than 25000 people and hundreds of warships on March 13 of the fifteenth year of Emperor Yongli.They set out from Jinmen,passed through Penghu,and burst into Luermen.They attacked the colonists' counterattack by sea and land,and quickly recovered Chigu city and surrounded Taiwan city.Later,Zheng army also defected the reinforcements of Netherland general headquarters came from Badavia,forced the dutch in Taiwan governor to declare surrender,signed the letter of surrender on February 1 1662.Since then,Taiwan returned to the embrace of the motherland after the occupation for 38 years.

1662年，39歲建設臺灣。6月23日，鄭成功與世長辭。

臺灣收復之後，鄭成功將赤崁城改為承天府，臺灣城改為安平鎮，合稱東都。承天府下設天興縣和萬年縣，並在澎湖設立安撫司。同時，頒布一系列法令，實行「屯田」制度，開辦學校，興建廟宇，推進海上貿易，為臺灣的發展進步作出了重大貢獻，臺灣人民尊稱之為「開臺聖王」「開臺始祖」。

After returning,Zheng chenggong changed Chigu city into chengtianfu,changed Taiwan city into Anping town,which were collectively called Dongdu.Chengtianfu consisted of Tianxing county and Wannian county.He also set a department of appeasement in Penghu and promulgated a serious of laws and decrees,carried out the system of stationing garrisons to grow their own food and opened schools and built temples,promoted the martime trade,which made great contributions to the development and progress.He was honored by the people of Taiwan as the founder of Taiwan.

1699年，康熙下詔，準其遷葬於南安水頭橄欖山。

由於長年戎馬倥傯，鄭成功積勞成疾、星隕中天，於永曆十六年五月初八（1662年6月23日）與世長辭，享年39歲。康熙三十八年（1699年），康熙以鄭成功系明室忠臣，下詔準其遷葬於南安水頭橄欖山。

Because he engaged in warfare for many years,Zheng chenggong falt sick from overwork.He died on June 23 1662 at the age of 39,buried in Chao Tsai Wo in South Taiwan.The Emperor issued an imperial edict to allow the burial in Shuitou of Nanan in the thirteen year of Kangxi as a loyal Minister of Ming Dynasty.

鄭成功傳略

鄭成功一生金戈鐵馬，反抗民族壓迫，反抗外來侵略，是中國歷史上傑的民族英雄，也是亞洲乃至全世界反對殖民侵略並取得勝利的偉大英雄！

Zheng chenggong fought against national oppression and foreign aggression in his life.He was not only a outstanding hero in Chinese history but also a great hero against colonial aggression until victory both in Asia and even in the world.