名詞性從句的形式賓語(名詞性從句之賓語從句)
2023-09-12 11:28:31 1
一、賓語從句的引導詞及用法
1. 從屬連詞that(無意義,不翻譯,口語中經常省略),whether/if(是否,不充當句子成分,不可省略)
I believe (that) she』ll be all right in a few days.
我相信她幾天後就會好的。
I wonder whether/ if girls are valued as much as boys in the countryside.
我想知道在農村女孩和男孩是否一樣受到重視。
注意:一般情況下whether和if 可以互換,但是如果引導賓語從句位於句首時,只用whether.
Whether my parents knew this, I don’t know.
我不知道我的父母是否知道這件事。
2. 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, Whoever, whatever, whichever 引導賓語從。
(1)who引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語、賓語和表語。
Could you tell me who the lady is?(who做主語)
你能告訴我那位女士是誰嗎?
(2)whom引導賓語從句,在從句中做賓語,不可省略。
Do you know whom they are waiting for?(whom做賓語)
你知道他們正在等誰嗎?
(3)whose引導賓語從句,在從句中做定語。
I don’t know whose fault it was. (whose做定語修飾fault)
我不知道是誰的錯。
(4)what引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語、賓語或表語。
I really want to know what you are thinking. (what做think賓語)
我真的想知道你在想什麼。
(5)which引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語、賓語或定語。
Could you tell me which place would be a good choice for me to go to?(which做定語,修飾place)
你能告訴我,哪個地方比較適合我去嗎?
(6)whatever引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語、賓語或表語。
It’s generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. (whatever做want的賓語)
一般認為孩子不管想要什麼就給什麼是不明智的。(1997年高考)
(7)Whoever=anyone who意思是「任何人,無論誰」, 引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語或表語。
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (whoever做主語)
我們承諾任何參加舞會的人有跟電影明星合影的機會。(2012 福建高考)
(8)whichever意思是「無論/不管哪一個(一些)」引導賓語從句,在從句中做主語或表語。
As five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best. (whichever做主語)
因為提供了五門課程,所以你可以自由地選擇最適合你的任何一門。(2012年陝西高考)
3. 連接副詞when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever引導賓語從句。
(1) when引導賓語從句,在從句中做時間狀語。
I remember when this used to be a quiet village.
我記得這曾經是一個偏僻的村莊。
(2)where引導賓語從句,在從句中做地點狀語。
Could you tell me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎?
(3)how 引導賓語從句,在從句中做方式狀語。
I can’t imagine how he did it.我無法想像他是如何做這件事的。
(4)why引導賓語從句,在從句中做原因狀語。
I wonder why you don’t tell me about the fact.
我想知道你為什麼不告訴我事實的真相。
二、賓語從句的語序
在賓語從句中,無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,從句都要用陳述語序。
She told me that she used to be really shy.
她告訴我她過去很害羞。
Could you please tell me what I should take as a birthday present?
你能告訴我應該帶給你什麼作為生日禮物嗎?
三、賓語從句的時態
1. 主現主將主祈,從不限:主句是一般現在時、一般將來時或祈使句,從句可以用任何時態。
We believe that summer is the hottest season in the northern China.
我們相信夏天是中國北方地區最熱的季節。
Please make sure whether you wear a mask before going out.
請確保在你出去之前你是否戴口罩。
2.主過從過: 主句用過去時,從句要用過去時的相應時態。
They were very disappointed at what she said.
他們對她說的話感到失望。
She said that she had already finished the essay.
她說她已經完成了論文。
3.從句是客觀真理永遠用一般現在時,不受主句時態影響。
When I was young, my teacher always told me that the earth goes around the sun.當我小時候,我的老師總是告訴我地球圍繞著太陽轉。
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