有關霧霾的文章雙語版
2025-02-28 04:21:24
ThicklayersoftoxicsmogoftenblankettheskiesinHanoi,limitingvisibilitytolessthanamileaway.WhenthepollutiongetsreallybadinBeijing,childrenarekepthomefromschoolorrestrictedtoclassroomsduringrecess.InShanghai,amothersaysshestrugglestogetherchildtowearaprotectivemask.
毒霾密布,籠罩河內天空,放眼望,可視範圍不足一英裡。在北京,空氣糟糕時,小學生或停課在家,或禁足在教室。上海的一個媽媽說,讓孩子戴防毒口罩要費一番工夫。
NewYorkTimesreaderslivinginthemostpollutedcitiesintheworldsharedwithushowtheymanageinthefaceoftoxicsmog.Whatfollowsisaselectionofthemorethan100responsesreceived.Theyhavebeeneditedandcondensed.
生活在世界汙染最嚴重城市裡的《紐約時報》讀者,和我們分享如何設法與毒霾共存。我們從100份答卷中含「霾」咀華,以「饗」讀者。
Somereaderssaidtheycheckedairpollutionlevelsmorethantheweather,whileotherssaidtheywereluckytobeabletoaffordcostlyairpurifiersfortheirhomes.
Whatisyourexperiencewithairpollution?
有讀者說,他們查空氣汙染指數比天氣預報還勤;也有的說,家裡買得起昂貴的空氣淨化器算是幸運的。你的故事呢?
KeepingChildrenInside
家裡的孩子
LinaFarrow,37,inSuzhou,China.
Childrenages5yearsand8months
Allofouractivitiesareplannedaroundtheairpollutionlevels.Checkingthepollutionlevelseverymorningisroutineandthatdetermineswhatwedoandhowwedoit,especiallyduringtheweekends.
一切生活都視汙染而定,每天早上查了汙染指數後,才決定今天幹什麼,怎麼幹,尤其雙休日。
Ihaveyoungchildrenanditisdifficulttoexplainwhywecan’tgooutsotheycanridetheirscootersorsimplykickafootballinthepark.Onpolluteddayswhenitishighbutnothorrendous,wehavetotakethekidstotheplayareasinthemalls,ratherthangooutdoors.
很難和小孩子解釋為什麼不能出去,不能在公園裡玩玩滑板車,踢踢足球。汙染天裡,只要沒爆表,我們只能帶孩子去商場裡玩,沒法在戶外活動。
TerriSchwartzbeck,41,inBeijing.
Childrenages6and10
Wearemorefocusedontakingadvantageofa「goodairday,」i.e.tellingthekidstogooutsideandplayandexercisingoutdoors,becausestayinginsidewhentheairisbadisafactoflife.
我們更重視趁著「清朗日」讓孩子們去戶外活動玩耍,空氣不好的日子裡,呆在室內已成了日常生活。
AllinternationalschoolshaverestrictionsiftheAirQualityIndexreachesacertainlevel,meaningthatchildrenmustplayindoorsatrecessandlunch.It’ssignaledbytwobellsinsteadofone.Thekidsallknowtolistenforthosetwobells.
空氣品質指數達到一定程度後,所有國際學校都規定,課間和午間孩子們必須在室內活動。這用兩次鈴聲來提示,孩子們都知道這個。
WorseningHealth
身體遭殃
WuYifan,22,inNanjing,China.
IhavebeenthevictimofallergicrhinitissinceImovedfromthesuburbstothecity.Whenthesmogappears,mynosefeelsverybad.Ican’tevenbreathe.Ialsofeelverydepressedwhenthecityisengulfedwithsmog.
自從搬到南京城區,我一直患過敏性鼻炎。霾重時,鼻子感覺很不好,甚至沒法呼吸。城市被霾籠罩,我心情也很沮喪。
Ihaven’tmadeanychangestomydailyroutine.However,asanillustrator,Imakearthopingthatpeoplewillconstantlypayattentiontotheprobleminsteadofjustcomplaining,tryingtoforgetaboutit,andpretendingthatitdoesn’texist.
我每天的生活沒什麼變化,可作為一個插畫家,我的作品希望人們不斷關注這個問題,而不只是抱怨,試圖忘卻或假裝不存在。
PayingDearly
代價高昂
PanachayilJacobVarughese,33,inTrivandrum,India.
Wepurchasedanairpurifierandhavebeenusingitforthepastfewmonths,albeitonlyinthebedroom.Wearenotpurchasingmoreairfiltersastheyareprettypricey,andwemayhavetothinktwicebeforeputtingourmoneythere.
我們買了一臺空氣淨化器,過去幾個月一直在用,但只在臥室用。我們沒買更多空氣淨化設備,太貴了,要花錢時總要三思。
Wehavealsopurchasedaspecialhealthinsurancepackageforthewholefamily.Itgivesuspeaceofmindincasewedevelopseverehealthproblems.
我們也給全家人購買了特別健康保險,就算得了重病,也能內心平和。
SurabhiSrivastava,26,inNewDelhi
Inowusesortofascarfeverydaytocovermynoseandmouth,butithasmorepsychologicalbenefitsthanactualpracticalbenefitsintermsofprotectingmyselffromtheharmfulairIbreathe.
我每天戴著圍巾,把口鼻捂起來,可這對抵禦有害空氣而言,多半只有些心理作用,沒什麼實際功效。
Iwouldliketobuyamaskand/oranairpurifier,buttheyarequiteexpensive,andwhiletheymightbeusefulintheshortterm,airpollutioninNewDelhiisastructuralproblemthatrequiresamorecomprehensivelong-termsolution.
我想買個口罩或一臺空氣淨化器,可實在太貴了。他們短期內有用,可新德裡的空氣汙染是結構性問題,需要全面、長遠的解決方案。
StrugglingtoBreathe
呼吸困難
PreslyMellorinSuzhou,China.
I’mconstantlycheckingtheairqualityanddecidingwhetherornotit’sworthgoingoutsidethatday.
我們不停地查看天氣質量,決定要不出門。
IfIhavetogotowork,IbitethebulletandwalkasfastasIcansoIgettomyworkwiththeairpurifiers.
如果必須去上班,我緊閉口鼻,以最快的速度走到單位,那裡有空氣淨化器。
IwillbeleavingBeijingsoontomovetoNingbo,intheeasternprovinceofZhejiang,becauseofmyhealth.IhavebeenlivinginBeijingforthepastsixmonths,andfromthefirstweekImovedhere,I』vefelttheeffects.I』vehadchronicchestpainandahardtimebreathingonadailybasis.IneverrealizedtheimpactofpollutionbeforemovingtoBeijing.
因為健康問題,我很快要從北京搬到浙江寧波去。過去半年,我一直住在北京,到北京第一周,我就有反應了。我胸悶,每天呼吸困難。去北京前,我從沒想到汙染能這麼厲害。
StayingIndoors
閉門不出
SunTian,14,inBeijing.
About30ofuspooledtogetherthemoneytobuytheairpurifierinourclassroom.Wehavetwo.
我們三十來個同學集資買了這臺空氣淨化器,放在教室裡。一共有兩臺。
Ondayswhenthesmogisbad,weavoidgoingoutside.Wemakesurethewindowsaresealedshut.IfIseeanopenwindowordoorinthehallway,Itrytocloseit.Butsomewindowsaretoohighupformetoreach.
霾重的時候,我們避免外出。我們把窗戶關緊,如果看到走廊裡的窗戶或門沒關,我就關上。可有的窗戶太高了,我夠不著。
SakshiTalwar,31,inNewDelhi.
TwoyearsagoIwasabletobikearoundintheearlymornings,butthat’snotpossiblenow.Itfeelslikeinhalingsmoke.
兩年前我早晨起來騎車,現在不行了,就像在吸塵。
MichelleChung,23,inNewYork,grewupinBeijing.
Wewouldoftentakepublictransportation,butnowthatisjustnotworththeextendedexposuretotheoutsideair.Myfamilynolongeropenstheirwindows.Ironically,freshairdoesnotcomefromoutside.
我們過去常坐公交,可現在曝露在外邊沒必要。我家不開窗了。挺諷刺的,新鮮空氣不是從外面來的。
Itcomesfromthefourairpurifierswehaveineverycornerofourhouse.Longgonearethedayswheretheywouldgoforastrollintheparknexttoourapartmentortakeabikerideonthestreets.
新鮮空氣來自家裡四角的四臺空氣淨化器。小區旁邊的公園散步或在街上騎車的日子一去不返了。
RestrictingActivity
行動受限
DanBuckley,35,inHanoi,Vietnam.
I』llwearamaskoutside,howeversomeeffectsareimpossibletoescape:headaches,irritatedthroat,sorelungs.Evenwithalltheeffortsinsealingleakydoorsandwindows,itisnotpossibletopreventallthebadairfromenteringyourhouseoroffice.
我在戶外戴口罩,可有些還是逃不掉:頭疼、嗓子幹、肺疼。就算把門窗都堵死,也不可能擋住糟糕的空氣飄進家或辦公室。
MywifeandIhavebecomeair-qualityevangelists.Wefrequentlyrecommendtocolleaguesandfriendsusingamaskoravoidingcertainactivities.
太太和我成了空氣品質傳道士,總是讓同事朋友戴口罩或採取措施。
BattlingTraffic
交通不易
AngelaSung,28,inShanghai.
WhenIfirstmovedtoShanghaifromLosAngeles,Ididn’twearamaskwhenIrodemyscooter,andIwouldoftengetaheadacheaftermy40-minutecommute.
Themasksreallyhelpedmelateron,butmyeyesarethebiggestproblemnow.
我從洛杉磯搬到上海之初,滑滑板時沒帶口罩,上下班40分鐘後常覺得頭痛。後來口罩確有幫助,但眼睛開始不適。
Iamnotsureiftheairpollutionparticlescouldeffectmyvision,butmyvisionhasgottenvisiblyworseafterstayinginShanghaiforoneandahalfyears.Myeyesalsogetextremelyirritatedwhenridingthescooter.
我也不知道空氣汙染顆粒會不會影響我的視力,在上海一年半,我的視力每況愈下。滑滑板時,眼睛非常疼。
NishikaD』Silva,22,inMumbai.
Coldsandcoughshavebecomecommonformeeverythreetosixweeksasopposedtogettingacoldandcoughthreetofourtimesayear.Iwearascarftocovermynoseandhair,andchoosetotravelbyanair-conditionedcaborUberwheneverpossiblebecausetakingarickshawthroughtrafficishorrible.
每三到六周就感冒咳嗽,以前一年也就三四次。我用圍巾捂住口鼻,儘可能坐有空調的計程車或Uber,坐黃包車太可怕了。
AppreciatingBlueSkies
珍惜藍天
MikeDeAngelo,29,inBeijing.
Duringtheworstsmog,I’mfarmoredepressed.InthethroesofthemostsevereboutofsmogwesufferedinBeijingafewweeksago,itwasfivedaysofwalkingaroundinwhatlookedlikeanuclearwinter.I』velearnedtonottakeourblueskiesforgrantedasthey’retheexception,nottherule,unfortunately.
霾嚴重時,我特別抑鬱。幾周前北京經歷最嚴重的一場霧霾,那五天裡走在街上就像核嚴冬。我知道不要以為藍天理所應當,很不幸,藍天是特例,不是常態。
BeforeImovedtoChina,Ineverthoughttwiceaboutairquality.Ithinkcleanairissomethingthatalotofpeopletakeforgranted.
來中國前,我從沒想過空氣品質的事。我以為乾淨的空氣理所當然。
I』velivedhereforover4months,andI』vebeensickalmosteveryday.
我在這裡住了4個月,幾乎每天都病怏怏的。
WorryingWhat’sNext
擔憂未來
NicoleSchaefer-McDaniel,37,inUlanBator,Mongolia.
Iworryaboutmykidsdevelopinghealthproblems.Manykidshavepneumoniaandotherrespiratoryproblemsinthewinter.Iworryaboutmeandmyhusbanddevelopingsimilarhealthproblems,butIammostlyworriedabouttheresidentsinthegerdistrict,thepartoftownwherecoalisburnedalldaylongsopeoplecankeepwarm.
我擔心孩子們身體出問題。許多孩子在冬天都得肺炎或其他呼吸道疾病。我也擔心我和丈夫得大病,最擔心的住在蒙古包裡的人,那裡整天燒煤取暖。