賓語從句專題講解（賓語從句講解）
2023-09-16 19:57:37
賓語從句專題講解?賓語從句是中學階段非常重要的一個知識點，也是中考、高考的必考內容，我來為大家科普一下關於賓語從句專題講解?下面希望有你要的答案，我們一起來看看吧!
賓語從句專題講解
賓語從句是中學階段非常重要的一個知識點，也是中考、高考的必考內容。
賓語從句的句子結構一般是這樣的：主語 謂語動詞 （引導連詞 正常句子）賓語從句。
做賓語從句的句子一般情況有三類：陳述句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句。
一、陳述句做賓語從句
陳述句做賓語從句用that引導，可以省略。主要考點是謂語動詞與賓語從句的時態呼應問題。
如果謂語動詞是一般現在時，賓語從句可以是除了過去將來時和過去完成時以外的其它任何時態。He tells me that he always gets up early every day. 他告訴我他總是每天很早起床。（一般現在時）
He knows that his father bought a new bike yesterday. 他知道他爸爸昨天買了一輛新自行車。（一般過去時）
He says that our English teacher will come back from Beijing soon. 他說我們的英語老師很快就從北京回來了。（一般將來時）
Li Hua finds that his classmates are playing basketball on the playground now. 李華發現他的同學們現在正在操場上打籃球。（現在進行時）
I think that they were having a meeting at 8:30 yesterday morning. 我想昨天上午8點半他們正在開會。（過去進行時）
The boy knows that they will be watching the game at this time tomorrow evening. 這個男孩知道他們明天晚上這個時間將正在觀看比賽。（將來進行時）
It seems that they have finished reading the book. 似乎他們已經讀完了這本書。（現在完成時）
It is reported that the project will have been finished by the end of this month.據報導，工程在這個月底前將會完成。 （將來完成時）
如果謂語動詞是一般過去時，賓語從句只能是與過去有關的時態。有一個例外，客觀真理、科學事實和自然現象用一般現在時，不受謂語動詞一般過去時的影響。Li Hua found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. 李華發現地上有一個錢包。（一般過去時）
My mum said that she was washing clothes when the door bell rang. 我媽媽說當門鈴響時她正在洗衣服。（過去進行時）
I told him that I would take care of him after work. 我告訴他下班後我會照顧他。（過去將來時）
He said that he had been to Beijing many times. 他說他去過北京許多次了。（過去完成時）
Our teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun. 我們老師告訴我們地球圍繞太陽轉。（自然現象，一般現在時）
The girl said that her brother is three years older than her. 這個女孩說她的哥哥比她大3歲。（客觀事實，一般現在時）
備註：引導賓語從句的連詞that可以省略。
二、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句做賓語從句
1、概述
一般疑問句和特殊疑問句難度稍大。難點在於：一般疑問句和特殊疑問句做賓語從句時，需要用陳述句的詞序。請同學們參考我前面講解的句型變換章節。
其實我們只需要利用「還原」的原則，就能掌握一般疑問句和特殊疑問句是如何做賓語從句了。
一般疑問句做賓語從句時，引導連詞用if 或whether。
特殊疑問句做賓語從句時，引導連詞用相應的特殊疑問詞。
2、還原原則
也就是說，一般疑問句和特殊疑問句這兩種類型的句子根源在哪兒、出處在哪兒，這兩類句子是怎麼變化來的。一般疑問句和特殊疑問句這兩類句子都是陳述句變化來的，陳述句就是這兩類句子的根源。
我們需要掌握四種類型的句子：
1）含有be動詞及其過去式的句子；
2）含有情態動詞的句子；
3）含有完成時態的句子；
4）含有其它動詞的句子。
3、一般疑問句
1）含有be動詞及其過去式的句子；
變一般疑問句時，把be動詞提前，就變成了一般疑問句。做賓語從句時，be動詞還原到原來的位置。
There were some water in the Chaobai River. （這句就是下句的根源、出處）Were there any water in the Chaobai River ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
Some residents wonder if \ whether there were some water in the Chaobai River.
They are learning English carefully in the classroom. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Are they learning English carefully in the classroom ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
The teacher asks me if \ whether they are learning English carefully in the classroom.
I'm an English teacher in a high school. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Are you an English teacher in a high school ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
The old man asks if \ whether I am an English teacher in a high school.
2）含有情態動詞的句子；
變一般疑問句時，把情態動詞提前，就變成了一般疑問句。做賓語從句時，情態動詞還原到原來的位置。
I can sing and dance at the party. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Can you sing and dance at the party ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
He asks if \ whether I can sing and dance at the party.
3）含有完成時態的句子；
完成時態構成：主語 have\has\had 過去分詞 賓語 其它成分。其中have\has\had是助動詞。
變一般疑問句時，把助動詞have\has\had提前，就變成了一般疑問句。做賓語從句時，助動詞have\has\had還原到原來的位置。
They have done their homework before I get home. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Have they done their homework before you get home ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
The teacher wants to know if \ whether they have done their homework before I get home.
The train had left when he arrived at the station. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Had the train left when he arrived at the station ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
I wondered if \ whether the train had left when he arrived at the station.
4）含有其它動詞的句子。
這類句子因為沒有上述類型句子中的助動詞，變成一般疑問句時，就在句首加助動詞do\does\did，就變成了一般疑問句。做賓語從句時，就要把加的助動詞do\does\did去掉，但是注意does\did去掉後謂語動詞的還原問題。
The children always have noodles for breakfast at school every morning. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Do the children always have noodles for breakfast at school every morning ? （這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
The parents wonder if \ whether the children always have noodles for breakfast at school every morning.
The little girl has fun with her grandma every day. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Does the little girl have fun with her grandma every day ?（這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
The researchers'd like to know if \ whether the little girl has fun with her grandma every day.
My mum bought some apples and bananas last night. (這句就是下句的根源、出處）Did your mum buy any apples and bananas last night ?（這句子做賓語從句就用上一句）
Father asks if \ whether my mum bought some apples and bananas last night.
4、特殊疑問句
特殊疑問句做賓語從句就用相應的特殊疑問詞引導。
特殊疑問句的根源句子也是陳述句，是陳述句根據劃線部分提問變化而來的。那麼，特殊疑問句做賓語從句時，就用相應的特殊疑問詞做引導連詞，再把原來的陳述句中劃線部分去掉，其餘部分照抄下來做賓語從句就可以了。
特殊疑問句一般是由特殊疑問詞 一般疑問句構成，「提前、還原」的要點請參考第三小節內容。
The tall man is my father. Who is the tall man ?Our teacher asks me who the tall man is.
Jerry always did her homework after supper. When did Jerry always do her homework ?Susan wants to know when Jerry always did her homework.
There have been 19 students in the reading room all the morning.How many students have there been in the reading room all the morning ?
The president asks how many students there have been in the reading room all the morning.
(students 與how many 在特殊疑問句中是一個組成部分，不能拆分）
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