華慧考博英語教程（考博英語真題中的長難句剖析）

2023-04-12 03:39:12 2

華慧考博：考博英語真題中的長難句剖析

1.If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it. (復旦大學2014 passage 2)剖析：這個句子由一個if引導的條件狀語從句和主句構成。狀語從句中：包括被動語態（were prepared for...）、並列結構(were prepared and realized)、賓語從句(if parents realized that...)，賓語從句中還包含一個同位語從句(it was a signthat)；主句中：包含and連接的並列句（they would not so hurt and would not drive...）。參考譯文：做父母的如果對這種青少年的反應有所準備,而且意識到這是一個標誌，標誌著孩子正在成長，正在培養珍貴的觀察力和獨立的判斷力，那麼父母們就不會感到如此傷心，所以也就不會由於帶有憤恨和反對的情緒而把孩子推到對立面上去。注意：翻譯被動語態時，儘可能「被」字去掉，用其他詞代替，如「把...、受...、由...等等」

華慧考博

2.At one point, the British government had even suggested to local councils that they should not fund single-community projects, concentrating their resources instead only on projects that brought communities together, but this proposal was dropped as imposing too rigid a requirement.(中共中央黨校2014 passage 4)剖析：這是一個由but連接的並列句，句子的主幹結構明確( the British government had even suggested to local councils... but this proposal was dropped...),其後suggest的賓語是一個賓語從句（thatthey should not fund single-community projects），非謂語結構（concentrating their resources ...）做伴隨狀語，它的邏輯主語是句子的主語they;其後的that引導的定語從句修飾projects（that brought communities together）; too rigid a requirement，是too 形容詞 a 名詞的結構，等於a too rigid requirement.

華慧考博

參考譯文：英國政府一度甚至建議地方立法委員會不應資助單一的種族或宗教群體項目，而應該集中他們的資源建設那些有助於團結社會各界的項目，但是由於這項提議提出的要求過於死板而被否決了。3.Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon it rise.(湖南師範大學2019 passage 4)剖析：這是一個由and連接的並列句，句子的主幹結構明確(research is the heart, and its products is the capital)，後面a capital是同位語，補充說明the capital，接下來有兩個分別由that，as引導的從句，其中that引導的是定語從句，主幹是a capital must be increased; as引導的時間狀語從句，主幹是the demands rise。

華慧考博

參考譯文：基礎研究是科學的核心，它的累積產品是科學進步的資本，這種資本必須隨著對它的需求的增加而不斷增加。4.Consider—I address you as a legislator—whether, when men contend for their freedom, and to be allowed to judge for themselves respecting their own happiness, it be not inconsistent and unjust to subjugate women, even though you firmly believe that you are acting in the manner best calculated to promote their happiness?(中南大學2019 passage 3)剖析：主句是一個祈使句，其後是一個whether引導的賓語從句，主幹：consider whether it be not insistent and unjust；破折號中間的部分是插入語；接下來的when引導兩個並列的時間狀語從句，主幹是：when men content for their freedom and to be allowed (這裡的when to be allowed...，是一種省略，還原是when men are allowed)；後面的even though引導讓步狀語從句，其中又含有that引導的賓語從句，主幹：even though you believe that you are acting.參考譯文：試想——我把你稱作立法者——當男人可以爭取自由，可以自己決定幸福時，儘管你堅信你的所作所為是為了增進他們的幸福，但壓迫女性這個行為，是否一致，是否公正呢？更多考博經驗以及考博真題請大家關注華慧考博：一個專業考博英語輔導機構。及時為大家更新全國各大院校博士招生簡章，收集完善各院校考博英語真題、考博專業課真題等重要考博訊息。專業考博英語輔導團隊精心為您打造考博英語複習計劃，助力廣大考生順利登岸！