英語中的簡單句並列句複合句筆記（常見必考英語語法）

2023-04-14 23:27:58

NO.1 定義

句型轉換是句子類別的轉換，其目的在於檢測學生運用各種句型的表達能力，才能在考試的評分中得到較高檔次的分數。這就要求學生對所學的句子結構和詞形的變化做到概念清楚，懂得各種句型如何轉換，運用準確，這有利於提高英語口語和書面表達能力。

NO.2 簡單句與複合句之間的互變

很多複合句和簡單句可以互變，意思上不發生太大的變化。在很多情況下，是將複合句裡的從句變為一個短語。

不論是主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、定語從句還是狀語從句，在一定的情況下都可以這樣轉換。

主語從句有時可以和短語互換，它既可以是不定式短語也可以是動名詞短語。

(1) When and where we should hold the meeting is still to be discussed．

→When and whereto hold the meeting is still to be discussed．

(2) It worried her a great deal that her son would stay up so late．

→Her son’s staying up so late worried her a great deal．

(3) What we had to do was to stand there，trying to catch the offender．

→We had to stand there to catch the offender．

表語從句有時可以和短語互換，與它互換的可以是不定式短語和動名詞短語。

My idea is that we should do it right now．

→My idea is to do it fight now．

在某些動詞的後面賓語從句可以和一個動名詞短語或不定式短語互換．

(1) I regret that I had told you the secret．

→I regret telling you the secret．

(2) They don’t know whether they shall carry out the old plan or not．

→They don’t know whether to carry out the old plan or not．

有些定語從句可以和一個不定式短語，分詞短語或介詞短語互換。

(1) Can those who are seated at the back of the classroom hear me?

→Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me?

(2) What are the most important measures we should take?

→What are the important measures to be taken?

(3) The young man who was in the possession of the firm was at a desk．

→The young man in the possession of the firm was at a desk．

狀語從句和短語互換的情形很多，常用分詞短語來替代狀語從句，表示時間、原因、條件。用不定式短語來替代狀語從句，表示目的、結果、原因；另外介詞短語可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步等狀語

(1) Given more time，we could do the job much better．

(2) They started off early so that they could catch the first bus

→They started off early so as to catch the first bus．

(3) I could swim when I was eight years old．

→I could swim at the age of eight．

NO.3 複合句與並列句之間的轉換

英語中的並列句在一定的條件下可轉換為含有條件、時間、結果、讓步、原因等的複合句；而反過來複合句也可以轉換為並列句。

如：

並列句轉換為複合句，常把其中的一個分句轉化為從句，再根據句意加上相應的從屬連詞。

(1) It’s foggy today，so we can’t see the distant hills．

→Because it’s foggy today，we can’t see the distant hills．

(2) Study hard，and you will get good marks．

→If you study hard，you will get good marks．

複合句轉換為並列句，需把一個從句轉換為一個分句，再加上一個合適的並列連詞或者分號。

(1) Though he has been told several times，he still can’t understand it．

→He has been told several times，but he still can’t understand it．

(2) If you study hard，you will make great progress in your English studies．

→Study hard and you will make great progress in your English studies．

NO.4 簡單句與並列句之間的相互轉換

簡單句轉換為並列句，常把簡單句中的某一短語轉變為並列句中的一個分句。

(1) Tom is too young to go to school．

→Tom is very young and he can’t go to school．

(2) She got up very early to meet her parents at the station．

→She wanted to meet her parents at the station，so she got up early．

並列句轉換為簡單句，常把其中的一個分句變為短語，這一短語通常是介詞短語、不定式短語、分詞短語、with的複合結構或獨立主格結構。

(1) They cancelled their trip to Yellow Mountain for it rained heavily．

→They cancelled their trip to Yellow Mountain because of the heavy rain．

(2) His mother was ill，so he had to stay at home to look after her．

→His mother being ill，he had to stay at home to look after her．

綜上所述，簡單句與複合句之間互換：介詞短語、不定式短語、動名詞短語、分詞短語；複合句和並列句之間的互換：分句換從句，從句換分句，加連接詞輔助；簡單句與並列句之間的互換：短語變分句，分句變短語。

本章節是語法知識點最後一章，要再次學習請看之前發布的文章，之後會總結閱讀技巧以及方法。