國王二戰演講（重溫國王的演講三段演講）

2023-06-27 08:12:37 2

第一次工業革命（18世紀60年代），英國人瓦特改良了蒸汽機，史蒂芬孫發明了蒸汽火車，哈格裡夫斯發明了「珍妮紡織機」，英國成為世界上第一個工業化國家。

維多利亞女王統治期間,英國殖民地總面積超過3000萬平方公裡，英國工業產值超過世界總產值的三分之一，鋼鐵產量佔到了世界的一半。

而到了第二次工業革命（19世紀中期），在「電」的發明中英國人落後了。二戰前美國將大量資金和人才從歐洲吸引到美國，二戰後確立霸權地位，而英國則在二戰後失去了所有的殖民地，海上霸權，世界貨幣權。這是歷史。

電影The King’s Speech （《國王的演講》）裡面有三段發自三位國王的演講，讀完你能了解二戰來臨的英國。

《國王的演講》劇照

For the present,the work to which we are all equally bound is to arrive at a reasoned tranquility within our borders,to regain prosperity at this time of depression without self-seeking,and to carry with us those whom the burden of the past years has disheartened or overborne.

目前我們每個人都應該做的是讓國內情勢達到合理的安定，在這經濟蕭條的時期回復繁榮，不追逐私利，並帶著過去幾年中因肩上重擔而心力交瘁的人向前走。

喬治五世

In the past,all a king had to do was look respectable in uniform and not fall off his horse.Now,we must invade people’s homes and ingratiate ourselves with them.This family’s been reduced to those lowest,basest of all creatures.

過去國王只要體面地穿著軍禮服不要落馬就好，現在卻得闖進民宅討好百姓，皇室已經淪落為最底下的人種。

We』ve become actors.We’re not a family,we’re a firm.Yet at any moment,some of us may be out of work.

我們成了演員，我們不是家庭而是商行，但隨時可能有人失業。

At long last,I am able to say a few words of my own.I have never wanted to withhold anything,but until now it has not been constitutionally possible for me to speak.

好不容易我能說幾句自己想說的話，我從不隱瞞任何事情卻礙於憲法規定，一直無法開口。

A few hours ago,I discharged my last duty as king and Emperor,and now that I have been succeeded by my brother,the Duke of York,my first words must be to declare my allegiance to him.This I do with all my heart. You all know the reasons which impelled me to renounce the throne,but you believe me when I tell you,that I have found it impossible to carry the heavy burden of responsibility and to discharge my duties as king,as I would wish to do without the help and support of the women I love.

幾個小時前，我卸下了國王和皇帝的職務，如今在我的王弟約克公爵繼位後，我首先要對他宣示效忠這是我真心誠意的表示，各位都知道我退位的原意，但請務必相信，若沒喲心愛之人的支持和幫助，我實在無法扛起重則之任，所以卸下原想盡心盡力的職務。

And I want you to know,this decision has been made less difficult to me by the sure knowledge that my brother,with his long training in the public affairs of this country,and with his fine qualities,will be able to make my place forthwith without interruption or injury to the life and progress of the Empire.

希望各位明白，做這個決定困難度得以減弱是因為我確認我的王弟，長期接受國事訓練又天資優秀，將能夠立即繼任，政事不會中斷或受到影響，願大英帝國國運昌盛，向前邁進。

In this grave hour, perhaps the most fateful in history, I send to every household of my peoples, both at home and overseas, this message, spoken with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cross your threshold and speak to you myself.For the second time in the lives of most of us, we are at war.

在這個莊嚴的時刻，或許是國家歷史上最生死攸關的時刻，無論你身處何方，我向每一位民眾，都傳遞這樣一個信息：對於你們正遭受的苦難，我感同身受，我甚至希望能挨家挨戶地，親自向你們訴說。我們中的大多數人，將經歷有生之年裡的第二次戰爭。

Over and over again, we have tried to find a peaceful way out of the differences between ourselves and those who are now our enemies; but it has bee in vain.We have been forced into a conflict, for which we are called, with our allies to meet the challenge of a principle which, if it were to prevail, would be fatal to any civilized order in the world.

我們已經不止一次地嘗試通過一種和平的方法，來解決與敵國間的爭端，但那都是徒勞無功。我們已經被捲入了這場戰爭，我們和盟國正受到法西斯主義的挑戰，如果它得勝，世界的文明秩序都將受到致命的摧殘。

It is a principle which permits a state in the selfish pursuit of power to disregard its treaties and its solemn pledges, which sanctions the use of force or threat of force against the sovereignty and independence of other states.Such a principle, stripped of all disguise, is surely the mere primitive doctrine that might is right, and if this principle were established through the world, the freedom of our own country and of the whole British Commonwealth of nations would be in danger.

這是一種允許一國因對權利自私貪婪的追求，便可肆意違反協約和承諾的主義；是一種認可對其他主權國家濫用武力，或施予武力威脅的主義。這樣一種主義，在揭去虛偽的外衣後，也僅剩下了原始的野心。如果這樣的主義在全球範圍內立足，那我國及所有大英國協國家民眾的自由都將身處險境。

But far more than this, the peoples of the world would be kept in bondage of fear, and all hopes of settled peace and of security, of justice and liberty, among nations, would be ended.This is the ultimate issue which confronts us. For the sake of all that we ourselves hold dear, and of the world order and peace, it is unthinkable that we should refuse to meet the challenge.

更可怕的是，全世界人民將被恐懼奴役，各國百姓對「和平」、「安定」、「正義」、「自由」的憧憬將走到盡頭。這是對我們的終極考驗。為了捍衛我們珍視的一切，為了世界的和平有序，我們應該毫不猶豫地接受這項挑戰。

It is to this high purpose that I now call my people at home and my peoples across the seas, who will make our cause their own.I ask them to stand calm and firm and united in this time of trial.The task will be hard. There may be dark days ahead, and war can no longer be confined to the battlefield, but we can only do the right as we see the right, and reverently commit our cause to God. If one and all we keep resolutely faithful to it, ready for whatever service or sacrifice it may demand, then with God's help, we shall prevail.

正是出於這個目的，今天我呼籲所有國內國外的子民，以此崇高目標為己任。我懇請大家，在磨礪來臨之際，保持平靜、堅定、團結。這會是一項艱巨的任務。前路漫漫而艱辛，戰爭也不只局限於戰場，心懷正義，便能正確處事。虔誠地將自己交付給上帝，並毅然忠誠於他，準備好為他的指引做出一切努力甚至犧牲，在上帝的幫助下，我們必將獲勝！

語言治療師speech therapist 萊昂納爾·羅格給了口吃的約克郡公爵很大的幫助，

練習橫膈膜：strengthen diaphragm ；

練習繞口令：I’m a thistle-sifter.I have a sieve of sifted thistles and a sieve of unsifted thistles.Because I am a thistle-sifted.吃葡萄不吐葡萄皮，不吃葡萄倒吐葡萄皮。

並發現約克郡公爵在聽著音樂朗讀莎翁的作品時十分流利：

To be or not to be,that is the question.Whether this nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,or to take arms against a sea of troubles,and by opposing end them?To die ,to sleep no more,and by a sleep to say the end is the heartache and the thousand natural shocks the flesh is heir to.Tis a consummation hopeless.

生存還是死亡，這是個問題，是隱忍坎坷命運的箭弩相向比較崇高，還是應該與無涯苦海為戰並將之克服？死即睡眠，如此罷了，長眠能夠了結心靈之痛苦與肉體之禍患。這樣的結局沒辦法更改。

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