萬聖節南瓜燈起源（萬聖節南瓜燈名字的由來）
2023-10-20 13:49:21 3
And now, Words and Their Stories from VOA Learning English. One of the most well-known signs of Halloween is the jack-o'-lantern.
現在是美國之音慢速英語單詞故事節目。萬聖節最著名的標誌之一是傑克燈（也稱空心南瓜燈）。
You can find jack-o'-lanterns on the front steps of countless American homes on October 31, Halloween night. Decorating a pumpkin for the holiday can be a lot of fun, especially for children.
在10月31日萬聖節之夜，你可以在無數美國家庭的門前臺階上看到"傑克燈"。為節日裝飾一個南瓜是十分有趣的，特別是對孩子們。
Many people buy a pumpkin from a store or from a real pumpkin patch on a farm. Making a jack-o'-lantern takes time and at least one good, sharp knife.
許多人從商店或農場裡的真正南瓜地購買南瓜。做一個空心南瓜燈需要時間和至少一把鋒利的好刀。
So, make sure you have plenty of both. This is why young children do this activity with someone older.
所以，你要確保這兩個條件都具備。這就是為什麼年幼的孩子們會和比自己大的人一起做這個活動。
First, cut off the stem, or top of the pumpkin. But don't throw it out. You will need it later to finish the jack-o'-lantern.
首先，切掉南瓜的莖或頂部。但是不要把它扔掉。你以後會需要它來完成南瓜燈。
Now, reach your hands inside the pumpkin and remove everything inside. And yes -- it will feel slimy.
現在，把手伸進南瓜裡，把裡面的東西拿出來。是的，感覺黏糊糊的。
Next, make a picture of a face or something else on the skin, or rind, of the pumpkin. Then, carefully cut along the lines of your artwork.
接下來，在南瓜的外皮上畫一張臉或者其他什麼東西。然後，沿著你所畫的線條仔細地切割。
Finally, put a candle or some other lighting inside to light up the design you have cut. And there! You have turned a pumpkin into a jack-o'-lantern.
最後，在裡面放一支蠟燭或一些其他的照明來點亮你所切割的圖案。看那裡！ 你把南瓜變成了南瓜燈。
Now, you might have a few questions. For example, why does the term jack-o'-lantern have a man's name -- "Jack"?
現在，你可能有幾個問題要問。例如，為什麼"傑克燈"這個詞裡有一個男人的名字——"傑克"？
Merriam-Webster's online dictionary gives one explanation. It says people in England began using the term in the 17th century.
韋氏在線詞典給出了一種解釋。它說英國人在17世紀開始使用這個詞。
It meant "a man with a lantern" or a night watchman. At that time, people living in England reportedly called a man they did not know "Jack".
它的意思是"拿著燈籠的人"或守夜人。據說在那個時候，住在英國的人把一個他們不認識的人叫做"傑克"。
So, an unknown man carrying a lantern was sometimes called "Jack with the lantern" or "Jack of the lantern". Your next question might be: But what does this have to do with Halloween?
因此，一個提著燈籠的不知名的人有時被稱為"Jack with the lantern"或"Jack of the lantern"。你的下一個問題可能是：但這和萬聖節有什麼關係？
Merriam-Webster and Encyclopedia Britannica both say the term "jack-o'-lantern" comes from a very old Irish story about a man named Stingy Jack.
韋氏詞典和大英百科全書都說Jack -o』-lantern這個詞」來自一個非常古老的愛爾蘭故事，講的是關於一個名叫Stingy Jack的人。
As the story goes, he tricked the Devil to get money. When Jack died, God refused to let him go to heaven.
據說，他騙了魔鬼得到了錢。傑剋死後，上帝拒絕讓他去天堂。
And the Devil, still angry about being tricked, did not allow Jack to go to hell either.?So, Jack's punishment was to wander the earth forever.
魔鬼還在為自己被騙而生氣，也不讓傑克下地獄。所以，傑克的懲罰是永遠在人間流浪。
His soul was stuck. And like most spirits trapped on Earth, he probably spent most of his time trying to frighten humans.
他的靈魂被禁錮住了。和大多數被困在人間的靈魂一樣，他可能大部分時間都在試圖嚇唬人類。
At least, that's what I imagine trapped souls would do. To protect themselves and frighten away Jack's wandering soul,
至少，我想像認為受困的靈魂會這麼做。為了保護自己和嚇走傑克遊蕩的靈魂，
people in Ireland would carve scary faces on turnips. I suspect that turnips were a common root vegetable at the time.
愛爾蘭人會在蘿蔔上刻上可怕的臉。我懷疑蘿蔔在當時是一種常見的根菜。
When Irish families moved to the United States, they brought this tradition with them. These immigrants began carving jack-o'-lanterns from pumpkins,
當愛爾蘭家庭移居到美國時，他們也把這個傳統帶到了美國。這些移民開始用南瓜雕刻"傑克燈"，
which were more common than turnips in their new home. Halloween is based on the Celtic celebration from ancient times.
在他們的新家，南瓜比蘿蔔更常見。萬聖節源於古代凱爾特人的慶祝活動。
It marked the end of summer. It was believed that during this time of the year, the souls of those who had died that year would return to visit their homes.
它標誌著夏天的結束。人們相信，在一年中的這個時候，那些在那一年死去的人的靈魂會回來看望他們的家。
Encyclopedia Britannica goes on to explain that in the 8th century, the Roman Catholic Church moved All Saints' Day, a religious day, to November 1.
《大英百科全書》繼續解釋說，在8世紀，羅馬天主教會將宗教節日萬聖節移至11月1日。
This meant that All Hallows' Eve, or Halloween, fell on October 31. Traditions from the old Celtic celebration remained,
這意味著萬聖節前夜變成了10月31日。古老的凱爾特慶典的傳統保留了下來，
such as wearing costumes to hide yourself from the souls of the dead and carving jack-o'-lanterns. Today, people who celebrate Halloween continue to do both!
比如穿上奇裝異服來躲避死者的靈魂，雕刻"傑克燈"。今天，慶祝萬聖節的人們繼續做這兩件事！
And that's Words and Their Stories. Until next time, I'm Anna Matteo.
以上就是本期單詞故事的全部內容。我們下次再見，安娜·馬特奧為您播報。
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