實用的雙賓語動詞（雙賓動詞的被動語態）

2023-11-12 00:54:11

雙賓動詞即指帶雙賓語的動詞，它們在變為被動語態時，有以下兩種情形值得注意：

(1) 有些雙賓動詞(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在變為被動語態時，既可把間接賓語(指人)變為被動語態的主語，而把直接賓語(指事物)保留下來(稱為保留賓語)，也可把直接賓語(指事物)變為被動語態的主語，而把間接賓語改為介詞to 或for引起的狀語(到底用to還是for，與所搭配的動詞有關)。比較：

He gave her some money. 他給她一些錢。

→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.

He bought her a watch. 他給她買了一快表。

→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.

(2) 有些雙賓動詞(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接賓語(指事物)作被動語態的主語，而將間接賓語用作保留賓語(其前根據情況用介詞to或for)：

Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me.

He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her.

(3) 有些雙賓動詞(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用間接賓語(指人)作被動語態的主語，而將直接賓語用作保留賓語：

He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.