被遺忘英語短語(尋找失落的詞語)
2023-05-04 13:23:50 1
近日,約克大學的專家們發起了一個尋回失落語言的活動,列出了30個已被廢棄但仍和今天的生活有關聯的英語單詞,希望人們能夠重拾這些舊時代的語言。來猜猜這30個單詞都是什麼意思?
如果有人說你snout-fair,你是會高興還是生氣呢?那麼被稱為dowsabel或percher呢?
這些單詞屬於約克大學的語言學和英語史專家尋回的30個原本人們已然「遺忘」英語單詞。這些專家認為這些英語單詞至今仍然有用,並希望人們在日常生活當中重新使用。
約克大學語言和語言學專業的高級講師多米尼克•瓦特(Dominic Watt,)表示,他希望人們能夠重新使用舊時代的語言(the language of old)。
該團隊花了三個月時間搜遍了舊書舊詞典,創建了這個列表。先來見識幾個「失落」的單詞:
你見過這幾個單詞嗎?
Nickum: A cheating or dishonest person(作弊或不誠實的人)
Peacockize: To behave like a peacock; esp. to pose or strut ostentatiously(表現得像只孔雀,尤其是招搖賣弄、大搖大擺)
Rouzy-bouzy:Boisterously drunk(醉酒吵鬧)
Ruff:To swagger, bluster, domineer. To ruff it out / to brag or boast of a thing(虛張聲勢、誇口、盛氣凌人。),如 to ruff it out:吹噓某事
Tremblable: Causing dread or horror; dreadful(令人恐懼的;可怕的)
Awhape:To amaze, stupefy with fear, confound utterly( 使驚呆,使驚慌失措)
他們擬出了這份清單,試圖說服人們這些遭廢棄的單詞仍然與今天的生活有關聯。
瓦特想將這些詞重新帶回現代會話中。「我們從失落的詞語中找出一些有趣又發人深思的,希望幫助人們重新拾起舊時代的語言。」他說道。
比如,Snout-fair意思是「面容姣好、漂亮、清秀、英俊」(having a fair countenance; fair-faced, comely, handsome),而sillytonian指的是「易受騙的傻瓜,尤其是被認為屬於某一派別的人」(a silly or gullible person, esp one considered as belonging to a notional sect of such people)。
Dowsabel是對情人的稱呼,相當於lady-love(情婦)。
20世紀70年代BBC情景喜劇《美好生活》中的勢力鄰居瑪戈特•利百特可以看作是percher的典型例子,指那種「想謀高位、攀高枝的人,野心勃勃、孤行專斷的人」(who aspires to a higher rank or status; an ambitious or self-assertive person)。
BBC電視劇《相信我》講的就是quacksalver的故事——一個「謊稱自己懂醫的人、賣假藥的江湖郎中」(dishonestly claims knowledge of, or skill in, medicine; a pedlar of false cures)。
這30個「失落的單詞」被劃入研究人員認為和現代生活相關的三個類別:post-truth (deception)(後真相(欺騙))、外表(apparence)、人格和行為(personality and behaviour)和情感( emotions)。
進入最終列表還包括ear-rent,指「碎碎念給人帶來的象徵性傷害」(the figurative cost to a person of listening to trivial or incessant talk),slug-a-bed意思是「睡懶覺的人」,merry-go-sorry形容「悲喜交加」(a mixture of joy and sorrow)的情緒。
【附】30個失落的英語單詞完整版
欺騙類
Ambodexter - One who takes bribes from both sides
Betrump - To deceive, cheat, elude, slip from
Coney-catch - To swindle, cheat, trick, dupe, deceive
Hugger-mugger - Concealment, secrecy
Nickum - A cheating or dishonest person
Quacksalver - A person who dishonestly claims knowledge of or skill in medicine; a pedlar of false cures
Rouker - A person who whispers or murmurs; one who spreads tales or rumours
外表類
Man-millinery - Suggestive of male vanity or pomposity
Parget - To daub or plaster (the face or body) with powder or paint
Snout-fair - Having a fair countenance; fair-faced, comely, handsome
Slug-a-bed - One who lies long in bed through laziness
人格和行為類
Losenger - A false flatterer, a lying rascal, a deceiver
Momist - A person who habitually finds fault; a harsh critic
Peacockize - To behave like a peacock, to pose or strut ostentatiously
Percher - A person who aspires to a higher rank or status; an ambitious or self-assertive person
Rouzy-bouzy - Boisterously drunk
Ruff - To swagger, bluster, domineer. To ruff it out or to brag or boast of a thing
Sillytonian - A silly or gullible person, one considered as belonging to a notional sect of such people
Wlonk - Proud, haughty, rich, splendid, fine, magnificent
情感類
Awhape - To amaze, stupefy with fear, confound utterly
Fumish - Inclined to fume, hot-tempered, irascible, passionate
Hugge - To shudder, shrink, shiver, or shake with fear or with cold
Merry-go-sorry - A mixture of joy and sorrow
Stomaching - Full of malignity, given to cherish anger or resentment
Swerk - To be or become dark, gloomy, troubled, or sad
Teen - To vex, irritate, annoy, anger, enrage, to inflict suffering upon
Tremblable - Causing dread or horror
Wlonk - Proud, haughty, rich, splendid, fine, magnificent
註:本文綜合英語點津、Smartlive、BBC以及衛報的相關內容。
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