have作助動詞的作用（助動詞have的用法）

2023-08-11 16:27:24

have作助動詞的作用?一、與過去分詞連用構成各種完成時和完成進行時，下面我們就來說一說關於have作助動詞的作用?我們一起去了解並探討一下這個問題吧!

have作助動詞的作用

一、與過去分詞連用構成各種完成時和完成進行時

1、構成現在完成時

You've been a pretty good friend, when all is said and done. 不管怎麼說，你一直都是位很好的朋友。

2、構成過去完成時

I had not seen him at least ten years. 我至少十年沒有見過他了。

3、構成將來完成時

The truck will have arrived by the time you have all the things packed up. 等你把所有這些東西都包裝完畢，卡車就會到達了。

4、構成過去將來完成時

He told me that he would have finished the work by five o'clock. 他告訴我到5點鐘他就完成工作了。

5、構成現在完成進行時

What have you been doing these days? 這些日子你一直在做什麼？

6、構成過去完成進行時

I had not been reading for half an hour when I heard steps outside. 我看書還不到半小時就聽到外面有腳步聲。

7、構成將來完成進行時

By the end of next month we shall have been living here for twenty years. 到下個月底，我們住在這裡就滿20年了。

8、構成過去將來完成進行時

She told us that by the end of that July she would have been woring in the university for thirty-five years. 她告訴我們到那年7月底，她在這所大學工作就滿35年了。

9、情態動詞後跟完成式

I think they must have left early. 我想他們一定早已走了。

10、構成非限定動詞的完成式

Having lived in Shanghai since childhood, he knew the place extremely well. 從小住在上海，他對該地非常了解。

二、have意義為「有」時，在疑問和否定式中，具有助動詞的作用

Has she blue eyes or brown? 她的眼睛是藍色的還是褐色的？

What have you in your hand? 你手裡拿著什麼？

在這一用法中，也可以藉助do

Do you have a pencil that you can lend me?你有鉛筆借我用嗎？

三、構成had better, had best, had rather等詞組，表示「最好還是，寧可，寧願」。其否定形式為「had better/rather not」 (had best=had better)

You'd better not run the risk. 你最好不要冒這個險。

I thought I had best have your opinion first. 我想最好先聽聽你的意見。

had better 後有時跟不定式進行式，表示立即做某事

I think I'd better be going. 我想我最好立即走。

四、當句子是由否定意義的詞或only等詞語位於句首，且謂語動詞是完成式時，have用來幫助構成倒裝句

Never have I found him in such a good mood. 我從未見他情緒這麼好過。

Seldom have I read a novel so touching as this. 我很少讀過這樣動人的小說。

Only in recent times has it been accepted that women have the same right as men. 只有在現代人們才承認男女權利平等。